Modeling BOD removal in free watersurface constructed wetlands with variable residence time-based methods
Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been applied for several years in the removal process pollutants from secondary treatment plants and stormwater. In this paper, the Variable Residence Time (VART) model for solute transport in streams was extended to simulate the BOD removal process in free water surface flow constructed wetlands (FWS CWs). The double layer concept of the basic VART model was extend