Popular Abstract in Swedish Vitamin A är nödvändigt för kroppen. Det behövs för synen och för normal utveckling av foster och celler. Vitamin A krävs t. ex. också för optimalt immunförsvar och för fortplantningen. Ett stort globalt problem är vitamin A-brist i tredje världen, framför allt hos barn och gravida. Vitamin A-brist hos dessa grupper ger upphov till bl. a. blindhet och ökad dödlighet i The aims of these studies were to evaluate retinoid measurements, more specifically the performance of all-trans and 13-cis retinoic acids methods in clinical experimental settings and to evaluate the informational value of these measurements in relation to S-Retinol. Biological and analytical variations for retinoids were evaluated for healthy subjects. The performance of the retinoic acid measur

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Incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) has resulted in large quantities of residues which can be recycled in roads and landfill covers provided the environmental concerns related to leaching of salts and metals can be mitigated. The pollutant transport from these residues depends on quantity and variability of moisture at re-use sites. For realistic assessment of leaching rates and pollutant

Many popular direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimators rely on the fact that the array response vector of the array is Vandermonde, for example, that of a uniform linear array (ULA). Array interpolation is a preprocessing technique to transform the array response vector of a planar array of arbitrary geometry to that of a ULA over an angular sector. While good approximation within the target sector is

Popular Abstract in Swedish Autoimmuna sjukdomar såsom reumatoid artrit (RA) och multipel skleros (MS) uppkommer av en felaktig immunrespons mot kroppens egen vävnad. Orsaken är okänd trots enormt mycket forskning om ämnet. Ett sätt att öka kunskapen vore att identifiera de gener som bidrar till sjukdomarna. För sådana relativt vanliga, komplexa sjukdomar finns det inte en gen som ?styr? sjukdomarAutoimmune diseases are dependent on both genetic and environmental factors in complex interplay. They arise from a faulty immune response against self-antigens, and causes great suffering in affected individuals. Despite large efforts and hundreds of thousands of research articles published, the disease etiologies remain largely unknown. Knowledge of which genes are involved and how they interact

Eco-labelling is a voluntary and informative policy instrument aiming at stimulating environmentally beneficial product development through using the market forces. The Nordic Swan eco-labelling scheme has been in operation since 1989. The research presented in this thesis concentrates on the kinds of influences, effects and changes caused by the Nordic scheme. The direct effects regard environmen

This article presents two types of advanced heat exchangers: high-temperature heat exchangers (HTHEs) and compact heat exchangers (CHEs). Design materials selection and coolants for high temperatures are described. As a promising HTHE and a CHE, printed circuit heat exchanger has been outlined. Micro/mini-channel heat exchanger and foam heat exchanger, as two types of CHEs, are also described. Var